Distinguishing Technical Inefficiency from Desirable and Undesirable Congestion with an Application to Regional Industries in China

Distinguishing Technical Inefficiency from Desirable and Undesirable Congestion with an Application to Regional Industries in China

Congestion is an important issue that requires the efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs). We first classify conventional congestion into congestion (newly defined) and technical inefficiency, based on prior research and real applications. Modified definitions and mathematical expression of congestion, managerial inefficiency, and technical inefficiency are proposed to better illustrate the...

Congestion measurement in data envelopment analyses under weak disposability of desirable and undesirable outputs in a Two-phase Network

Congestion is one of the main issues in data envelopment analyses which have particular importance. Recently researches about congestion, whether in economic articles or in Operations Research articles in had grown increasingly. Congestion is a wasteful stage of the production process where outputs are reduced due to excessive amount of inputs. In economics, congestion is very important because...

Environmental Assessment and Congestion for DMUs With Undesirable Outputs‎

In recent years, the assessment of environmental performance has been received considerable attention by environmental policy indicators and decision makers. In this regard, this paper applies data envelopment analysis (DEA) as a management tool for evaluating the environmental performance of the firms and uses the extended bounded adjusted measure (extended BAM) for including undesirable outpu...

Autonomic Ocular Drugs: Desirable and Undesirable Effects.

A,.t the present time most pharmacologists believe that acetylcholine is the activator and propagator of the chemical change present in all nerve conduction. This involves the axon and all synaptic junctions of both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic systems. At the sympathetic end organs, sympathin or norepinephrine is released as the effecter substance. Acetylcholine itself is the parasy...

Reform And Efficiency: An Application To Iranian Regional Electricity Companies